《植物生理学报》 2009, 45(5): 469-472

AgNO₃ 诱导的苦瓜纯雌系完全花分化与幼叶和花蕾中内源激素的关系

王日升^1,2,3, 张曼², 周生茂², 方锋学², 杨丽涛¹, 李杨瑞^3,*

1 广西大学农学院, 南宁530005; 2 广西农业科学院蔬菜研究中心, 南宁530007; 3 广西作物遗传改良生物技术重点开放实验室, 南宁530007

通信作者：李杨瑞；E-mail: liyr@gxaas.net;；Tel: 0771-3247689

摘　要：

本文用酶联免疫检测(ELISA)技术研究三叶一心期喷施AgNO3诱导苦瓜纯雌系完全花分化过程中花蕾与幼叶中内源 激素含量变化。结果显示: 喷施 AgNO3 后幼叶中 IAA、GA3、ZR 和 ABA 含量与喷水的相比, 都是先下降后增加。AgNO3 处理的花蕾中这4种激素含量在72 h内没有一致变化规律, 但变化幅度大于幼叶的, 表明生殖器官的内源激素对苦瓜性别 分化影响比营养器官的大。AgNO3 处理后 24~48 h 内, 花蕾中这 4 种激素的含量明显低于喷水的, 而其余时间则高于喷水 的。此外, AgNO3 处理的花蕾中 ABA/IAA、ZR/IAA 和 GA3/IAA 比值也在 24~48 h 发生剧烈的变化, 48 h 之后这些激素比 值与喷水的相差不大。这些结果说明了 AgNO3 处理后 24~48 h 是苦瓜纯雌系性别分化的关键时期, IAA 可能是诱导纯雌 系苦瓜雄性分化的关键激素。

关键词：苦瓜; 纯雌系; 完全花; 内源激素; AgNO3

收稿：2009-02-16   修定：2009-03-25

资助：国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD68B03)、公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-007-1)、广西自然科学基金(桂科自0728065)、广西作物遗传生物技术重点开放实验室开放课题(桂科能0815011-6-1-14)、广西青年科学基金(桂科青09910 77)。

Relationship between Differentiation of Complete Flower Induced by AgNO₃ and Endogenous Hormones in Young Leaves and Flower Buds of Momordica charantia L. Gynoecious Line

WANG Ri-Sheng^1,2,3, ZHANG Man², ZHOU Sheng-Mao², FANG Feng-Xue², YANG Li-Tao¹, LI Yang-Rui^3,*

¹Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China; ²Vegetable Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; ³Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory, Nanning 530007, China

Corresponding author: LI Yang-Rui; E-mail: liyr@gxaas.net;; Tel: 0771-3247689

Abstract:

Four endogenous hormones in flower buds and young leaves of gynoecious bitter melon (Momordica charantia) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) during differentiation of complete flower induced by AgNO₃ at three-leaf-one-apical stage. The results showed that contents of ABA, IAA, GA₃ and ZR in young leaves decreased firstly then increased after being sprayed with 300 mg·L^-1 AgNO₃. Contents of the 4 endogenous hormones in flower buds treated with AgNO₃ didn’t show the same change in 72 h, but which changed more greatly than those in young leaves, indicating that the endogenous hormones in reproductive organs had greater influence on sex differentiation than those in vegetative organs. Contents of the 4 endogenous hormones in flower buds during 24–48 h after treatment with AgNO₃ were significantly lower than those of the control, but higher in the rest time. Furthermore, the ratios of ABA/IAA, ZR/IAA and GA₃/IAA in flower buds treated with AgNO₃ changed intensively in 24–48 h, but they were similar with the control after 48 h. It suggested that 24–48 h after AgNO₃ treatment was the important period for the sex differentiation in gynoecious bitter melon induced by AgNO₃, and IAA may be the leading hormone for male differentiation in gynoecious bitter melon induced by AgNO₃.

Key words: bitter melon (Momordica charantia); gynoecious; complete flower; endogenous hormone; AgNO₃